Permanent waving pad and method of making same



H. BONAT March 14, 1939.

PERMANENT WAVING PAD AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed July 28, 1938Patented Mar. 14, 1939 PERMANENT WAVING PAD AND METHOD OF MAKING SAMEHarry Bonat, New York, N. Y.

Application July 28, 1938, Serial No.'221,687

14 Claims.

This invention relates generally to a novel and improved construction ofpermanent waving pad and method of making the same, said pad beingparticularly adapted for use in the class of hair waving in which aso-called permanent wave is imparted to a pre-formed tress of hair byplacing the hair in close association with the pad in which aheatproducing chemical reaction is taking place.

This chemical method of permanent hair-waving, as is well-known,involves the use of a pad in which any suitable chemical or chemicalsmay be enclosed, which, when moistened, give rise to an exothermicreaction, with the result that the heat requisite to the propertreatment of the hair is produced.

The present invention more particularly has especial relation to a newand improved construction of pad for enclosing the chemical orchemicals, aswell as a new and improved method of forming said pad withthe enclosed chemicals therein securely retained.

A main object of the present invention resides in the novel and improvedmethod of producing a waving pad of the'character described, whichcomprises the steps of providing a tray formed of pliable metal ofsufflcient thickness and strength to maintain itself in predeterminedposition when in use, said tray being provided with bendable extensionson the free longitudinal edges thereof, then filling said tray with asupply, of chemicals, then disposing over said chemicals within saidtray a member or sheet of porous absorbent material, and then foldingsaid extensions of the tray over the corresponding edges of the poroussheet material to seal the chemicals within the tray.

Another object of the invention is to provide a waving pad of thecharacter described, said pad comprising a backing sheet of pliablemetal and a sheet of porous absorbent material, and chemical meansenclosed in said pad between said backing sheet and said absorbentmaterial, and means formed integral with said backing sheet adaptedto/oe folded over said absorbent material for securing the backing sheetand absorbent material to each other and for confining the chemicalmeans therebetween.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a waving pad ofthe character described, comprising a tray of pliable metal havingextensions formed on the free longitudinal edges thereof, a supply ofchemicals disposed within said tray and a sheet of porous absorbentmaterial 55 disposed over said chemicals, said extensions being loopedover the corresponding edges of the porous absorbent sheet to therebysecurelyhold the absorbent sheet in place within the tray and to confinethe chemicals, between said absorbent sheet and the bottom wall of saidtray;

A still further object of this invention resides in the novel andimproved method of forming a waving pad of the character,"described,which comprises the steps of providing a 'tray of pliable metal open atits upper end, placing a supply of, 0 chemicals along the bottom wall ofsaid tray, disposing a sheet of porous absorbent material over saidchemicals, and then folding the side walls of said tray over thecorresponding edges of the porous absorbent sheet for retaining thelatter '15 and the chemicals'within the tray.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a novel andimproved construction of waving pad of the character described, whichwill be simple in construction and assembly, comprising only a fewparts, which may be produced along lines convenient for low-costmanufacture, and which will, 'at the same time, be highly efficient forcarrying out the purposes for which it is designed. X

With the foregoing and other objects in vie which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention consists in certain novel featuresof construction, arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter fullydescribed, illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and particularlypointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that variouschanges in the form, proportion, size and minor details of the struc-vture may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any ofthe advantages of the invention.

For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of my invention, I haveillustrated in the accompanying drawing, a preferred embodiment thereof,from .an. inspection of which, when considered in connection with thefollowing description, my invention, its mode of construction, assemblyand operation, and many of its advan- I tages should be readilyunderstood and appreciated.

Referring to the drawing in which the same characters of reference areemployed to indicate corresponding or similar parts throughout theseveral figures of the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a view in perspective of a waving pad constructed inaccordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in perspective of the pliable metal tray;

Fig. 3 is a view in perspective showing the tray 55 filled withchemicals and the absorbent sheet ready to be disposed thereover;

Fig. a is a view in perspective of the completed pad shown in Fig. 1,the same being rolled to a semi-cylindrical shape;

Figure is a perspective view of a modified form of pad.

Stated generally, the present invention comprises a highly simplifiedmethod of producing a so-called chemical pad for'permanent hair waving,said pad comprising a' tray of pliable metal of sufficient thickness andstrength to maintain itself in predetermined position when applied to atress of hair during the heating operation. Said tray is adapted toreceive and hold a supply of chemicals, which chemicals are confined inthe tray and are prevented from leaking therefrom by means of a sheet ofporous absorbent material being disposed over the chemicals within thetray with the side edges of the tray being bent over the correspondingedges of the porous absorbent sheet to securely hold said sheet inassembled position within the tray. In practice, the application ofmoisture to the absorbent sheet will bring about the exothermic reactionand the device may be applied to the pre-formed curl or tress of hair bybending the same about the tress of hair.

Referring to the drawing more specifically by characters of reference,the reference character Ill designates generally a tray formed of anysuitable metal, such, for example, as commercially pure aluminum or thelike, which metal should have the quality of being readily manipulable,although being of sufficient thickness and strength to obtain thenecessary. heat retaining qualities and to maintain itself in anypredetermined position about the pre-formed tress of hair when in use toprevent its detachment or dropping off during the heating operation.

The tray Ill is preferably of rectangular form and may be of such sizeas to properly enclose a preformed curl or tress of hair. The tray I0 isprovided along its entire periphery with the upstanding bendableextensions ll, l2, l3 and It,

said extensions being cut away, as shown at l5,'at each of the cornersof the tray for a purpose to be presently more fully described. Adaptedfor disposition within the tray along the bottom wall thereof is asupply of exothermic material, usually in powdered form, the particularcomposition of which is not set forth here since it is, per se, not partof the present invention proper, and since, moreover, it may be variedgreatly, as is wellknown, in the art.

The only essential characteristic of the chemicalmaterialsused is thatit should be capable,

' upon the application of moisture thereto, of generating the requiredamount of heat to impart a permanent wave to the wound tress of hair.The combination of chemicals employed with my device may preferably beof the type in which the ingredients are comparatively stable andinactive amazes or folded over the corresponding edges of the sheet ll,said extensions being folded to a position substantially parallel to thebottom wall of the tray and into an abutting relation with the portionsI 5, will facilitate the folding over of the extensions II to M to thepositions shown in Fig. 1.

It will be noted that no envelope is necessary for'holding thechemicals, the elimination of said envelope resulting in saving in thenumber of operations required for assembling the device, as well as inthe cost of the envelope, in addition to reducing the number of partsthat must be handied in the manufacture and assembly of the device.

In practice, the device may be supplied to the trade in substantiallyflat form and when ready for use, it is merely necessary for theoperator to apply moisture to the absorbent sheet I! and to bend theentire device about the pre-formed curl or tress. The yieldablecharacter of the metal used enables this operation to be performedreadily, and as already pointed out above, the metal from which the trayI0 is constructed is of suiiicient inherent strength to retain itsposition on the curl during the waving operation. The nature of themetal employed for the tray III will also permit of a good and secureseal between the absorbent sheet I! and the edges of the tray, therebyresulting in a tight seal, thus preventing the escape or leakage of anyof the chemicals from the finished pad.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 5, the same combination of elementsis employed in addition to which there is provided a sheet of aluminuml8, which sheet isdisposed directly above the absorbent sheet I! beforethe edges ll, l2, l3 and H are turned down, so that the latter will holdthe aluminum sheet l8 in assembled position, as shown in Fig. 5. Thesheet I8 is perforated throughout its entire area, so that upon theapplication of moisture thereto, the assembled pad will actsubstantially in the same manner as if the sheet l8 was not there. Thepurpose of the sheet l8, however, is to protect the absorbent sheet I!against injury during packing and shipping, and while the same is beingstored in stock.

It is believed that my invention, its mode of construction and assembly,and many of its advantages should be readily understood from theforegoing without further description, and it should also be manifestthat while a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown anddescribed for illustrative purposes, the structural details arenevertheless capable of wide variation within the purview of myinvention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a metallictray, chemical means disposed within said tray, a porous absorbent sheetdisposed in said tray and covering said chemical means, and means formedintegral with said tray adapted for securing said sheet and chemicalmeans within the tray.

2. A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a'metallictray having extensions formed on the free longitudinal edges thereof,chemical means disposed within said tray and a porous absorbentsheet.disposed in said tray and covering said chemical means, saidextensions being folded over the corresponding edges of the said sheetfor securing the latter and chemical means within the tray.

3, A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a metallictray of substantially rectangular formation and having bendableextensions formed on the edges thereof, chemical meansdisposed withinsaid tray and a porous absorbent sheet covering said chemical means,said extensions being folded over the corresponding edges of said sheetfor holding the sheet and chemical means in association with said tray.

4. A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a tray ofimpervious nonsoluble material, a sheet of porous absorbent material andchemical means disposed between said sheet and said tray, said traybeing provided with means formed integral therewith for securing saidsheet thereto and for confining the chemical means between said sheetand said tray.

5. A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a metallictray, chemical means disposed within said tray, a porous absorbent sheetdisposed in said tray and covering said chemical means, a perforatedmetallic sheet disposed directly above said absorbent sheet, and meansformed integral with said tray adapted for securing said sheets andchemical means within the tray.

6. A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a metallictray, chemical means disposed within said tray, a porous absorbent sheetdisposed in said tray and covering said chemical means, a metallic sheetalso disposed in said tray and covering said porous absorbent sheet,said metallic sheet permitting the passage of moisture therethrough tothe porous absorbent sheet, and extensions formed integral with saidtray along the edges thereof adapted for being folded over thecorresponding edges of said sheets for securing the latter and chemicalmeans within the tray.

'7. A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a vessel ofimpervious material provided with peripherally extending uninterruptedwalls contiguous to the edges thereof, a sheet of porous material, andchemical means disposed within said vessel, said walls being folded overthe corresponding edges of said sheet for securing said sheet and saidchemical means within said vessel.

8. A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a flatvessel of impervious material, provided with peripherally extendinguninterrupted walls contiguous to the edges thereof, a sheet of porousmaterial, and chemical means uniformly distributed within said vesselupon the bottom thereof, said walls being folded over thecorrespondingly adjacent edges of said sheet, securing said sheet andconfining said chemical means within said vessel.

9, A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a vessel ofimpervious material, provided with peripherally extending uninterruptedwalls contiguous to the edges thereof, a sheet of porous material, aperforated metallic sheet disposed directly above said sheet of porousmaterial, and chemical means disposed within said vessel, said wallsbeing folded over the corresponding edges of said perforated sheet forsecuring said perforated sheet and said sheet of porous material to saidvessel, and securing said correspondingly adjacent edges of saidperforated sheet, securing said perforated sheet, said sheet of porousmaterial, and said chemical means within said vessel.

11. The method of forming a hair waving pad, which comprises the stepsof first, forming a tray of impervious non-soluble material, providedwith integrally formed upstanding peripherally uninterrupted wallscontiguous to the edges thereof, filling said tray with a substantiallyuniform layer of chemical means, disposing a sheet of porous absorbentmaterial over said chemical means, and then simultaneously folding allof the walls over the edges of said sheet for tightly securing saidsheet and said chemical means within said tray.

12. The method of forming a hair waving pad, which consists of first,forming a shallow vessel of impervious non-soluble material providedwith integrally formed, peripherally uninterrupted walls contiguous theedges thereof, disposing a layer of chemical means along the bottom ofsaid vessel, further dis osing a layer of absorbent material upon saidfirst-mentioned layer, said absorbent layer being of substantially thesame shape as the bottom of said vessel, albeit slightly smaller thansame, and simultaneously folding said walls once upon said secondmentioned layer to retain both of said layers within said vessel.

13. The method of forming a hair waving pad, comprising the steps offirst, forming a tray of impervious non-soluble material provided withshallow, peripherally continuous side and end walls and a bottom, thenuniformly distributing a layer of chemical means upon said bottom,covering said layer with a sheet member of porous material, and thentightly pressing said walls down and upon said sheet without undulywrinkling the corners thus formed by said walls, said last-mentionedstep being accomplished by providing said walls with recesses thereinadjacent the corners of said vessel in the tops of said walls. i

14. A hair waving pad of the character described, comprising a shallowvessel of impervious material, provided with peripherally extending,uninterruptedwalls contiguous to the edges thereof, said walls beingprovided with recesses in the edges thereof at all corners formedtherefrom, a sheet of porous material, and chemical means disposedwithin said vessel, said walls being folded over the correspondinglyadjacent edges of said sheet, securing said sheet and said chemicalmeans within said vessel, the border of said pad thus formed being freeof bulges by reason of said recesses.

HARRY BONAT.

